This paper measures ANPSP(agricultural non-point source pollution), COD, TN, TP and total emission intensity in Xinjiang from 1996—2015, analyzes the changes in emission proportion of pollutants and emission contribution rate in each pollution unit, and applies Tapio model to study their decoupling relation between ANPSP and agricultural economic growth in Xinjiang, and uses LMDI model to decompose the temporal changes of each pollutant emission. Changes in emission volume and emission intensity of ANPSP can be classified as ascending\|descending\|ascending stages with the major pollutant COD emission and the chief pollution unit livestock and poultry breeding and farmland solid wastes. The decoupling relation between ANPSP and agricultural economic growth of Xinjiang had undergone weak decoupling, negative decoupling, dilating connection and unstable stages. The scale effect, benefits effect and efficiency effect of agricultural economic growth variably influence ANPSP that scale effect has little contribution, benefits effect expands the emission of ANPSP, but blocked by efficiency effect. To downsize the pollution emission of unit agricultural production is the leading path against ANPSP in Xinjiang.